The Architect Economy
Value accrues to those who build the substrate, not those who decorate it.
The 2020s wrapper era is ending. Most “AI-native” startups are thin UIs over someone else’s model with no proprietary data, no workflow lock-in, and no compounding moat. We back companies building the substrate — proprietary data systems, vertical workflow engines, infrastructure primitives, distribution rails — where every additional customer makes the next one cheaper to acquire and harder to lose.
A vertical AI company owning the entire claims-adjudication workflow for a specific insurance line, with proprietary data accumulating from every claim processed.
A horizontal “AI assistant for insurance” that any well-funded competitor could rebuild in a quarter.